Water, Land and Ecosystems - 2.1 Agricultural water and land management

Innovation for Gender Equality in Water Management

wle_admin — Tue, 07 Jul 2015 21:26:55 +0000

The Sustainable Development Goals, Human Rights frameworks and most national constitutions commit, at policy level, to women’s equal access to productive resources, including water, and the alleviation and better sharing of domestic chores, so including fetching water for domestic uses and sanitation. However, these policies tend to ‘evaporate’, among other by lack of evidence-based replicable solutions on innovative implementation approaches and lack of policy dialogue for upscaling and institutionalization. This project aims to fill that gap, by (action-) research on innovative solutions from local to national level, and policy dialogue. It has four sub-activities. 1. Innovation in gender equality in Nepal: (led by Floriane Clement) IWMI is the research partner of iDE Nepal and a consortium of Nepali NGOs on a project aiming at empowering women in Far-Western Nepal through the implementation of multiple water use systems (MUS) and micro-irrigation technologies for vegetable production, improved market access, developing literacy and entrepreneurship skills and raising awareness on maternal and children nutrition and health. IWMI will analyse the implementation process of MUS interventions within the project and their outcomes to understand the causal linkages between use of water technologies, market access and women's empowerment. IWMI will also revisit past MUS interventions in Nepal to identify the key contextual and internal factors for their sustainability and replicability. 2. Community driven multiple use water services in South Africa (led by Barbara van Koppen) This project, supported by the African Water Facility, is implemented through the Water Research Commission of South Africa. The purpose of the project is to support the operationalization of MUS services in the Republic of South Africa through demonstration investments, awareness raising, applied research and leveraging of finance. The project will (i) demonstrate MUS approaches in selected communities, (ii) strengthen the existing knowledge base on MUS by engaging into ongoing planning processes, (iii) develop robust tools for effective up-scaling of more equitable and sustainable water services delivery, and (iv) inform and support the development of downstream investments into improved water use services, including leveraging finance. 3. Gender equitable wealth creation (led by Barbara van Koppen): This project component aims at the development, testing and upscaling of innovations that improve accountability to poor women in public water services delivery. It fills strategic knowledge gaps and synthesizes knowledge generated in the other three components and CRP1.1 and CRP1.3, linking local, intermediate, national and global levels in public service delivery across Africa and Asia. Short field research is undertaken in Zambia on community-driven climate change adaptation, from local to national levels, linked to CRP 1.3; and in Tanzania on the impact of matrilineal land tenure on farmer-managed irrigation. In 2015, the focus is further on synthesis of earlier field research and literature review and on uptake and policy dialogue through innovative cross-sectoral professional networks, in particular as coordinator of the MUS Group (18 core members, including IWMI, WLE, IRC, FAO, ICID, WaterAid, and USAID). At local level, innovations are identified that recognize women’s (and men’s) own holistic investments in natural resource management, in particular water infrastructure for self-supply to meet multiple water needs, combining multiple water sources through multipurpose infrastructure. The links between land tenure and natural resource management are studied in matrilineal societies in Tanzania and Malawi. At the interface with governmental and non-governmental service providers, replicable planning procedures are developed that take women’s own priorities for incremental improvements in their water and land asset base as the starting point. This requires overcoming the usual top-down single-use and single-resource silos. By seeking to embed innovations in government local planning processes, accountability will be widely replicable. At national and basin levels, focus is on formal recognition of living customary/informal water law by centralized statutory water legislation and regulation (permit systems) of water allocation and pollution prevention formally recognize living customary/ informal water law. At national and global levels, links are made between research findings at all levels and the operationalization and implementation of SDGs, CEDAW and other human rights instruments related to water and women’s equal access to water technologies for multiple uses. 4. Socio-economic study on the revitalization of irrigation schemes (led by Barbara van Koppen) As requested by IWMI’s host organization, the Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, IWMI will conduct socio-economic research on the revitalization of smallholder irrigation schemes according to different management modes (joint ventures, smallholder-managed, equity schemes, outgrowers etc). In 2015, the focus will be on the Flag Boshielo irrigation scheme and Makuleke irrigation scheme in Limpopo Province, as well as on irrigated area mapping.

Contact Person

Van Koppen, Barbara (b.vankoppen@cgiar.org)

Lead Center

International Water Management Institute (IWMI)

Partners

Farmer Managed Irrigation Systems Promotion Trust, International Development Enterprise, Water Research Commission South Africa, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Department of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries, Instiute for Development Studies, Institute for Poverty, Land and Agrarian Studies, Faculty of Law Oslo University, Chancellor College Zomba, South Africa Human Rights Commission, International Water and Sanitation Centre Netherlands, School of Law University of Nairobi, Multiple Use water Services (MUS) Group, International Land Coalition, Pegasys Institute, Shire River Basin Management Program, Pilot Program for Climate Resilience - World Bank

Completed

Start/End dateJanuary 01, 2015 — June 01, 2019

Research ThemeLand and Water Solutions

Cluster

2.1 Agricultural water and land management

Regions

Southern Africa, Southern Asia, Eastern Africa

Countries

Malawi, Nepal, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia

IWMI-India Program

wle_admin — Tue, 07 Jul 2015 21:26:55 +0000

Between 2001 and 2012, IWMI partnered with Sir Ratan Tata Trust, Mumbai for the IWMI-Tata Water Policy Program (ITP). ITP excelled at conducting practical research with high potential for policy impacts and directly impacted policy decisions involving some US $ 2500 million of public investments in India. The IWMI-INDIA Water Policy Program (IWPP) aims to continue and extend the "ITP approach" by focusing on four themes of WLE interest. 1. Strategies for making small holder farming profitable (SFPF): Over the coming decade or two, the greatest challenge for Indian agriculture is to make small land holdings viable. Research under this theme will aim to develop a range of 'water-control +" models for creating "Small Farmer Prosperous Farmer" (SFPF) communities by using a corpus of cases and case studies. 2. Promoting Solar Pumps in Eastern India: India’s 15 million electric tube-wells use 120 billion kWh of power to lift water every year. Similarly, 4.5 m diesel pumps burn some 1.8 million liters of diesel for the same purpose. All these can be potentially replaced by solar pumps, especially in groundwater rich eastern India to unleash a second green revolution. Research under this theme will focus on building and communicating ‘smart’ incentives to promote solar pumps. 3. Institutional Reform in Public Irrigation: A key impact of ITP research is the Rs 6700 crore National Irrigation Management Fund (NIMF). The NIMF was proposed to incentivize superior performance but implementing NIMF will be tricky. Research under this theme will bring system performance and management at the centre by developing and publicizing performance rating of major and medium irrigation systems. 4. Ecological Resilience of Peri-Urban Irrigated Ecosystems: By 2030, more than 40 per cent of India's population will live in urban settings, resulting in a further intensification of the already evident conflicts between towns and their hinterland for water. Work under this theme will focus on peri-urban wastewater irrigation as a mixture of livelihood opportunity and health and environmental risk. The scale and depth of investigations into each of these sub-themes will also depend, crucially, on the fate of the ITP Phase III proposal. With ITP III, significant additional resources and staff will be available to the program team.

Contact Person

Tushaar Shah (t.shah@cgiar.org)

Lead Center

International Water Management Institute (IWMI)

Completed

Start/End dateJanuary 01, 2014 — December 01, 2018

Research ThemeLand and Water Solutions

Cluster

2.1 Agricultural water and land management

Regions

Southern Asia

Countries

India

Identifying, testing and scaling small-scale irrigation options for enhanced livestock feed production

wle_admin — Tue, 07 Jul 2015 21:26:55 +0000

Small-scale irrigation is a promising route to dealing with uncertain and poorly distributed rainfall that is an inherent characteristic of farming systems across much of Sub-Saharan Africa. SSI has potential to intensify production and reduce risk thereby allowing farmers the confidence to invest in production of high value crops. Demand for high value crops such as vegetables and livestock products is increasing in response to increasing incomes and urbanization across SSA. Irrigated forages have the potential to support year round dairy production that is otherwise challenging in systems where rainfall and therefore feed production is seasonally distributed. Furthermore irrigated forages can help farmers target seasonal markets for live animals and thus capitalize on market price fluctuations. This activity will explore options for irrigated fodder production for enhanced livestock production in Ethiopia, Ghana and Tanzania. The activity will identify intervention options for particular agro-ecological and market niches. These options will be subject to ex-ante economic assessments using a suite of decision support tools developed by Texas A&M University. Options will be further assessed through community dialogue before field testing and ex-post evaluation. A methodology will be developed for targeting niche interventions to allow better targeting of interventions by the development community.

Contact Person

Alan Duncan (a.duncan@cgiar.org)

Lead Center

International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI)

Partners

North Carolina A&T State University, International Water Management Institute, United States Agency for International Development

Completed

Start/End dateNovember 01, 2013 — September 01, 2018

Research ThemeLand and Water Solutions

Cluster

2.1 Agricultural water and land management

Regions

Eastern Africa, Western Africa

Countries

Ethiopia, Ghana, Tanzania

Identification and dissemination of Integrated Soil Fertility Management recommendations for the sustainable intensification of root crop-based systems within farming landscapes

wle_admin — Tue, 07 Jul 2015 21:26:55 +0000

Cassava is the major staple in the African Humid Tropics. Many countries rely on cassava to cover basic calorific and protein needs (cassava leaves), yet cassava yields in SSA are globally the lowest (6-12 Mg/ha) and appear stagnant. Major reasons are choice of poor soils, assuming cassava performs on poor soils and low nutrient supply to attain a larger portion of the cassava yield potential (90Mg/ha). The combination of growing cassava on poor soils and low fertilizer use limit farmers’ yields and incomes, affects consumer prices, and hampers improved livelihoods. Cassava, including roots and aboveground biomass, requires 6.2kg N, 1kg P, and 5.3kg K per ton DM, thus a total of 165–25–145 kg/ha N-P-K attain 50% of the current potential yield (45Mg/ha fresh roots). Such nutrient amounts are unlikely supplied by the soil, making nutrient supply along with the choice of suitable soils crucial factors in achieving higher cassava yields. Current cassava systems rely almost entirely on soil supplies and thus are exploiting the natural resource base not only for cassava but for all crops in a cropping cycle. Cassava specifically due to its slow early growth and relatively late canopy closure exposes the soil to a high risk of erosion and compaction, thus aggravating negative effects on soil quality and nutrient stocks. The proposed research will be conducted in strategically selected sites representing major cassava growing agro-ecologies in each country. Within agro-ecologies sites are allocated across major landscape features to reflect major farming portions of the landscape and to cover sufficient variability across the farming landscape. This will generate information to model whole landscape partial nutrient balances and flows. Considering that in the target countries cassava has undergone strong expansion of the cropped area and is still expanding the obtained data will further help to better place cassava in the agricultural landscapes to increase profitability and reduce negative environmental impact. There are no recent cassava fertilizer response curves. Nutrient(s) limiting cassava production have not been determined. Eliminating deficiencies will lead to substantial yield increases. Depending on the nutrient(s) most limiting, productivity and profitability increases may be possible at low cost and risk. IITA will determine most limiting nutrient(s) and elaborate quantities required to recommend optimal nutrient composition and quantities, comprising blends eliminating deficiencies of sulfur, magnesium, zinc, boron. Fertilizer alone is unlikely to sustainably intensify root crop production. Soil organic matter is crucial for nutrient retention, physical stability and biological functions required for crop production. Organic matter (OM) additions and interactions with fertilizer will be evaluated. Animal manure, a common source of OM is not readily available in the humid tropics. Therefore other sources of OM, such as biomass, biochar and crop residues are focal aspects in soil management. Cassava, if correctly managed and supplied with nutrients is a crop that can produce more biomass than most other crops. Leaf litter production alone exceeds 5 Mg/ha DM per year not including the canopy still existing at the final harvest. Cassava root harvest index is around 50% and a certain portion of stems is removed to plant new fields. Targeting root yields of 25 Mg/ha this activity will ultimately provide around 20 to 25 Mg/ha fresh biomass to the soil at around 30% dry matter content However, compared to cereals and grain legumes more biomass remains on the fields after cassava. Thus buildup of OM is more likely possible with a cassava crop than with short term cereals and legumes. Many root crops are grown in intensively tilled soil, a feature than may facilitate harvest yet has potentially negative effects on OM. Recent results from Nigeria comparing ridged with flat soil cultivation of cassava shows rather small yield increments and significant interactions with maize intercropping. This activity will therefore as well look into the tillage requirements versus the OM buildup with a view on the opportunity to move cassava cultivation in the direction towards minimum or zero tillage systems that are known to permit OM build up. Organic matter input quality is an issue in the humid tropics and manure is not readily available due to low stocking rates of livestock which is likely due to insufficient feed stock year-round and poorly performing races of goat and sheep. This activity will not look into livestock integration yet will be able to draw on experiences collected in RTB projects on livestock integration in root & tuber systems. In the long term such collaboration may close the manure gap and offer opportunities for better crop residue utilization, higher incomes, improved nutrition and high quality inputs for soil fertility management. This activity fits under WLE because Humidtropics does not conduct commodity research and RTB does not conduct beyond commodity specific issues. Focus of this activity is on Integrated Soil Fertility Management across landscape positions for a commodity that is already covering a substantial proportion of the agricultural land in Humid SSA and is expanding as climate change worsens growing conditions for other crops. Humidtropics and RTB have formal agreements on collaborating and collocating research -these two CRPS will be close partners in this activity to cover the commodity specific aspects (RTB) and the larger cropping systems and livelihood strategy aspects (Humidtropics). Partnerships and NARS engagement: IITA will involve the NARS of the target countries such as INERA in DR Congo, the Agricultural Research and Development Institute in Tanzania and the Zambia Agriculture Research Institute (ZARI). Currently IITA has ongoing collaboration with these NARS and is involved in capacity development of young researchers. Further, IITA has an ongoing south – south collaboration with IPNI (Philippines) investigating cassava nutrient manager expert systems to develop site specific fertilizer recommendations for cassava. Soil carbon and plant nutrient analysis are supported by a collaborative agreement with the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium (KUL) using advanced analytical technologies.

Contact Person

Stefan Hauser (s.hauser@cgiar.org)

Completed

Start/End dateJanuary 01, 2015 — January 01, 2018

Research ThemeLand and Water Solutions

Cluster

2.1 Agricultural water and land management

Regions

Eastern Africa, Southern Africa

Countries

Tanzania, Zambia

Enhancing Water Use Efficiency through various agricultural water management interventions in rainfed and irrigated areas

wle_admin — Tue, 07 Jul 2015 21:26:55 +0000

Current farmers’ yields in rainfed areas are lower by two to four folds than the yield from researcher’s managed or commercial plots. In order to meet the food demand and reduce poverty, there is an urgent need to unlock the potential of rainfed agriculture and also need to enhance the water use efficiency in irrigated areas. There is huge extend of rainfed area which receives moderate to good (800-1100 mm) rainfall but cultivate single crop either in monsoon or in post-monsoon period despite having potential to cultivate two crops in a year. Long-term experiments conducted at ICRISAT heritage watershed showed that rainfed areas has huge untapped potential which could be harnessed through appropriate soil, nutrient, water and crop management practices. We emphasize that such long-terms experiments need to be continued to test several research hypothesis and to refine rainfed technologies with upcoming climatic change and other challenges. Moreover farmers’ participatory research experiments need to be strengthened along with strategic research to scale-out available rainfed technologies. Water use efficiency in irrigated areas is also poor and large scope exists to enhance through improved irrigation methods and proper irrigation scheduling. Over irrigation and heavy use of chemical fertilizers has already been declined the agricultural productivity in irrigated areas. Introducing decision support system such as “Water Impact Calculator” for irrigation scheduling along with proper irrigation method can help in saving blue water and enhance water use efficiency. In this activity we will be focusing strategic research to enhance green and blue water availability at field and watershed scale and for its efficient utilization through various improved technique towards sustainable intensification in rainfed and irrigated areas. The major activities in 2015 are 1) establish the amount and blend fertilizer input required to fill the yield gap under rainfed and irrigation conditions, in our hertiage site; 2) quantify water use efficiency of crops under improved irrigation methods and proper irrigation scheduling compared to traditional practices and 3) developing and validating a decision support system such as “Water Impact Calculator” for irrigation scheduling along with proper irrigation method for saving blue water and enhance water use efficiency.

Contact Person

Dr SP Wani (s.wani@cgiar.org)

Lead Center

International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)

Partners

Department of Agriculture, Government of Karnataka, Government of India, International Water Management Institute, International Food Policy Research Institute, International Livestock Research Institute, CIMMYT, ICARDA, IRRI, AVRDC

Completed

Start/End dateJanuary 01, 2015 — December 01, 2017

Research ThemeLand and Water Solutions

Cluster

2.1 Agricultural water and land management

Regions

Southern Asia

Countries

India

Facilitation of partnerships towards the development and dissemination of resource-use efficient soil management recommendations for priority farming systems in West Africa

wle_admin — Tue, 07 Jul 2015 21:26:55 +0000

Agricultural productivity in Sub-Sahara Africa is low and needs to dramatically increase to improve food security and income generation for an increasing rural population. Integrated Soil Fertility Management is widely accepted as the paradigm for intensification of agriculture in an eco-efficient manner. However, there are few farmers that practice ISFM in part because information is non existing or not readily available to them. Data from a variety of trials is not collected and analysed in a systematic manner and translated into practical guides and instructions that are relevant to the farmer, participatory evaluation of best ISFM options is not well organized, capacity building efforts of major stakeholders is fragmented and engagement of crucial stakeholders may be lacking. The Soil Health Consortia are established to bring key stakeholder together to work on soil health interventions. Participants include the research insitutions, development and outreach partners, farmer organisations and private sector including the agro-input dealers, input supply and output market actors. The aim is to harmonize data collection and interpretation, avoid duplication of efforts, improve extension and better target interventions to local conditions and farming systems. Also the use of existing data on soil health status needs to be improved. The project will work together with AfSIS and other research initiatives (Flagship 3 program research on non-responsive soils) to get better insight in the problem on non- and less responsive soils and how to address this. The soil health consortia are looking at scaling out of ISFM technologies for wider adoption and not targeting specific regions. As such it is important to have an proper understanding of the variability in production factors such a land and soil (AfSIS). This activity will link with research on non-responsive soils to get information on the severity of this problem and to devise recommendations on how to address it. The opportunity for increasing agricultrual productivity will be evaluated against possible impacts on other ecosystems services within the context of agricultural production landscapes, realizing that un sustainable management practices has led to loss of ecosystem services (increased erosion, water scarcity). The anticipated outcome will be strengthened national partnerships and imporived capacity at the national level leading to more effective and efficient ways to identify, evaluate and disseminate best ISFM options, inlcuding fertilizer recommendations, that are specific for the varying farming environments. The project is carried out in close collaboration with a similar project for the East and Southern Africa region. The project will test its ToC by evaluating whether improved access to actionable information on ISFM leads to changed practice of both farmers and the intermediately organizations.

Contact Person

Jeroen Huising (j.huising@giar.org)

Completed

Start/End dateSeptember 01, 2013 — August 01, 2016

Research ThemeLand and Water Solutions

Cluster

2.1 Agricultural water and land management

Regions

Western Africa

Countries

Burkina Faso, Ghana, Mali, Niger, Nigeria

Managing water and food systems in the Volta and Niger basins (Water for Food in the Volta)

wle_admin — Tue, 07 Jul 2015 21:26:55 +0000

The project, Managing Water and Food Systems in the Volta and Niger basins (W4F) is Component 1 in the larger EC/IFAD funded WLE in Africa Project. The W4F project aims at adapting techniques for managing agricultural water at local and watershed levels including the interaction of surface and groundwater resources in parts of the Volta River basin. Some of the water resources are captured or linked to small water infrastructures which serve as integrative objects for better understanding of key processes that link people, nature and agriculture from different perspectives including governance and biophysical aspects. The project sets out to understand the social, economic, and biophysical complexities that are involved in the management of SR to better support livelihoods in rural communities. Research activities are in five work packages: •Innovation and learning on water management for food production within and between the Volta and Niger basins •Improving understanding of the ecological resilience of small reservoirs in the Upper Volta River basin, including the analysis of the geographical diversity, water quality and anthropogenic pressures exerted on small reservoirs. •Understanding livestock-crop-water interactions, water productivity, and market opportunities for selected value chains. •Improving understanding of water governance, focusing on the implementation of Integrated Water Resources Management, the operationalization of a selected water committee, and the dynamics of water user associations in Burkina Faso •Improving and upscaling of a decision-support tool (TAGMI) for targeting agricultural water management interventions.

Contact Person

Olufunke Cofie (c.Olufunke@cgiar.org)

Lead Center

International Water Management Institute (IWMI)

Completed

Start/End dateJanuary 01, 2014 — December 31, 2016

Research ThemeLand and Water Solutions

Cluster

2.1 Agricultural water and land management

Regions

Western Africa

Countries

Burkina Faso, Ghana

Water Management Solutions for Flood Recession and Dry Season Farming in Nigeria

wle_admin — Tue, 07 Jul 2015 21:26:55 +0000

The goal of this project is to assist the Government of Nigeria to increase agricultural production and achieve food security through sustainable water management that allows smallholder farmers to profitably engage in flood recession and dry season agriculture while maintaining healthy flood-dependent agro-ecosystems. The project will establish fact-based evidence on historical and current flooding patterns and risks as a guide to decision making on flood response and water use. It will also identify flood capture and storage options for flood recession agriculture and dry season farming, and to support livelihoods dependent on floodplain ecosystems. The aim is to significantly improve production from flood recession agriculture, including ecosystems "friendly". Expected outputs include a) land and water management maps at river basin and state levels; b) tools to support flood forecasting and mitigation; c) AWM solutions and proven business models for investment in profitable and viable AWM solutions, including those that favour women and youths. These outputs will ultimately improve national food security and incomes of smallholder farmers while reducing agricultural production risks and protecting vital ecosystems.

Contact Person

Timothy Williams (t.williams@cgiar.org)

Lead Center

International Water Management Institute (IWMI)

Completed

Start/End dateJanuary 01, 2014 — November 30, 2016

Research ThemeLand and Water Solutions

Cluster

2.1 Agricultural water and land management

Regions

Western Africa

Countries

Nigeria

Gender responsive tools for improving irrigation performance

wle_admin — Tue, 07 Jul 2015 21:26:55 +0000

The primary activity is piloting, refining and out-scaling a framework and user-friendly tools to assess and improve gender performance in irrigation. The activity seeks to contribute to gender-equitable performance and outcomes in agriculture water management investments in Asia and Africa. 1. Pilot tools for gender performance for small-scale irrigation investments 2. Share learning across targeted projects and countries on methods/approaches to achieve gender-equitable impact with agricultural water and NRM management 3. Enhance collaboration between research and implementation to design gender responsive irrigation plans, implementation and research

Contact Person

Nicole Lefore (n.lefore@cgiar.org)

Lead Center

International Water Management Institute (IWMI)

Completed

Start/End dateJanuary 01, 2014 — December 01, 2016

Research ThemeLand and Water Solutions

Cluster

2.1 Agricultural water and land management

Regions

Southern Africa, Central Asia

Countries

Malawi, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan

Tools for assessing water dynamics in rainfed agro-ecoystems

wle_admin — Tue, 07 Jul 2015 21:26:55 +0000

This is a compendium of smaller projects that were previously stand-alone activities. Understanding the dynamics of water variability is essential to managing water in rainfed agricultural systems. Conventional approaches are driven largely by biophysical data, disregarding farmers’ behaviors, responses and strategies. The Water Dynamics (WD) component aims to reconcile scientific (remotely sensed) descriptions of the dynamics of water variability with small-holder farmers’ perceptions, concerns and responses. This is essential to devise well-targeted policies and interventions that can improve livelihoods, as well as optimizing water management and agricultural production. Studies are being conducted in two different agro-ecologies, each with different options in terms of water management: Fogera, Blue Nile (terracing and SWC); and North Central province, Sri Lanka (tanks). MODIS data (available daily for 15 years) are processed and analysed to derive a range of standard products that describe spatial and temporal variability of water at landscape scales. These are compared with survey data describing small-holder perceptions and management responses. A second component uses participatory 3D mapping (P3DM) of land and water resources in the Jeldu catchment, to integrate local knowledge and technical hydrological modelling approaches, with specific emphasis on gender-differentiated views of landscapes and land use. P3DM has been developed and tested very successfully at village scales in 2014. Application of the approach at both village and watershed scales complements work being done under ILSSI to integrate hydrological modelling across scales (ILSSI IDSS, combining SWAT, FARMSIM and APEX). Preliminary work to set up P3DM for the Jeldu catchment was undertaken in 2014. The actual mapping exercise which involves several days of working intensively with the community, was conducted in early 2015. A third component, also ongoing, is assessing the extent and sustainability of groundwater resources in the Cambodian (GWCam) floodplain, to contribute to increased agricultural productivity and decreased agricultural risk for small-holders. The project is based on: • Interviews with local well drilling contractors, to compile their knowledge of the extent of the resource, including flow rates and depth to groundwater in different areas • Collation of results from existing hydro-geological studies • Re-establishing measurements in wells monitored by MOWRAM, iDE and JICA in late 1990s through to 2008, to examine long-term trends in water levels in aquifers which are currently being exploited. A parallel project (under AAS) will examine patterns of use for domestic and agricultural purposes, and institutional issues around sustainable management of groundwater at village level (however, as of November 2014 the status of this project is uncertain, due to revision of the AAS program) A fourth component is completion of an on-going activity exploring key drivers of successful irrigation schemes in SSA by examining irrigation mosaics – small, medium, and large scale irrigation schemes in Ethiopia, Tanzania, and Ghana.

Contact Person

Robyn Johnston (r.johnson@cgiar.org)

Lead Center

International Water Management Institute (IWMI)

Completed

Start/End dateJanuary 01, 2014 — December 01, 2015

Research ThemeLand and Water Solutions

Cluster

2.1 Agricultural water and land management

Regions

Southeast Asia, Eastern Africa, Western Africa

Countries

Cambodia, Ethiopia, Ghana, Tanzania