Water, Land and Ecosystems - Iraq https://wle.cgiar.org/country/iraq en Assessing the value of resource recovery and reuse: social, environmental and economic costs and benefits for value creation and human well-being https://wle.cgiar.org/assessing-value-resource-recovery-and-reuse-social-environmental-and-economic-costs-and-benefits <div class="metadata-field field-type"><strong class="label-above">Type</strong>Report</div><div class="metadata-field field-language"><strong class="label-above">Language</strong>en</div><div class="metadata-field field-author"><h2 class="label-above">Authors</h2><ul><li>Lazurko, Anita</li></ul></div><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://wle.cgiar.org/sites/default/files/resource_recovery_and_reuse-series_13.pdf__1.jpg" width="212" height="300" alt="" /><div class="field-abstract"><div class="field-content">To understand the full value of Resource Recovery and Reuse (RRR), a systematic assessment approach that balances complexity with practicality is required. This report highlights the methods available for quantifying and valuing social, environmental and economic costs and benefits of RRR, focusing on Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) as the primary framework. Rather than prescribing a standardized technique for conducting CBA for RRR, this report presents broad frameworks and several examples that can be catered to individual contexts. This results in a suggested eight-step process accompanied with suggested assessment techniques which have to be tailored to the type of question the assessment is meant to answer and related system boundaries.</div></div><div class="metadata-field field-pdf-url"><h2 class="label-above">Download</h2><ul><li><a href="https://cgspace.cgiar.org/rest/rest/bitstreams/f44c0adc-cc45-4259-84ac-b24d9d973294/retrieve" target="_blank" absolute="1">Download PDF</a></li></ul></div><div class="field-citation metadata-field"><h2 class="label-above">Citation</h2><div class="field-content">Lazurko, Anita. 2018. Assessing the value of resource recovery and reuse: social, environmental and economic costs and benefits for value creation and human well-being. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE).. 41p. (Resource Recovery and Reuse Series 13) doi: 10.5337/2018.229</div></div><div class="metadata-field field-status"><h2 class="label-above">Accessibility</h2>Open Access</div><div class="metadata-field field-research-theme"><strong class="label-above">Research Themes</strong><ul class="comma-list"><li><a href="/research/themes/rural-urban-linkages" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Rural-Urban Linkages</a></li><li><a href="/research/themes/rural-urban-linkages" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Rural-Urban Linkages</a></li></ul></div><div class="metadata-field field-permalink"><h2 class="label-above">Permalink</h2><a href="https://hdl.handle.net/10568/99293">https://hdl.handle.net/10568/99293</a></div><div class="field-altmetric-embed"><div class="altmetric-embed" data-badge-popover="right" data-badge-type="medium-donut" data-doi="https://doi.org/10.5337/2018.229"></div></div> Thu, 19 Nov 2020 22:02:41 +0000 Anonymous 18704 at https://wle.cgiar.org https://wle.cgiar.org/assessing-value-resource-recovery-and-reuse-social-environmental-and-economic-costs-and-benefits#comments Optimum groundwater table depth and irrigation schedules for controlling soil salinity in Central Iraq https://wle.cgiar.org/optimum-groundwater-table-depth-and-irrigation-schedules-controlling-soil-salinity-central-iraq <div class="metadata-field field-type"><strong class="label-above">Type</strong>Journal Article</div><div class="metadata-field field-language"><strong class="label-above">Language</strong>en</div><div class="metadata-field field-author"><h2 class="label-above">Authors</h2><ul><li>Qureshi, Asad Sarwar</li><li>Ahmad, Waqas</li><li>Ahmad, A.F.A.</li></ul></div><div class="field-abstract"><div class="field-content">Excessive irrigation and poor drainage conditions are the major factors contributing to rising groundwater tables and soil salinity in the irrigated areas of Central Iraq. Therefore calculations of precise irrigation requirements are necessary to optimize crop production and keep the groundwater table below the root zone to avoid soil salinization. In this study, the soil-water-atmosphere-plant (SWAP) model is used to determine optimal groundwater table depth and irrigation amounts for the study area. SWAP was calibrated using field data from the study area during the wheat and maize season of 2011-2012. The modelling results reveal that under current irrigation practices (600mm to wheat and 1000mm to maize), more than 30% water is lost as deep percolation. This causes a rise in the groundwater table and reduction in crop yields. The model simulations suggest that a groundwater table depth of 200 cm together with an irrigation application of 500mm to wheat and 600mm to maize will be the best combination to attain optimal yields. Therefore a drainage system in these areas should be installed to maintain groundwater table depth around 200 cm. Maintaining adeeper groundwater table will not be suitable as costs will increase and crop responses negligible. For long-term sustainability, rehabilitation of existing drainage systems to evacuate excessive salts from the root zone will be imperative.</div></div><div class="field-citation metadata-field"><h2 class="label-above">Citation</h2><div class="field-content">Qureshi, Asad Sarwar; Ahmad, Waqas; Ahmad, A-F. A. 2013. Optimum groundwater table depth and irrigation schedules for controlling soil salinity in Central Iraq. Irrigation and Drainage, 62(4):414-424. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ird.1746</div></div><div class="metadata-field field-status"><h2 class="label-above">Accessibility</h2>Limited Access</div><div class="metadata-field field-research-theme"><strong class="label-above">Research Themes</strong><ul class="comma-list"><li><a href="/research/themes/land-and-water-solutions-sustainable-agriculture" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">Land and Water Solutions for Sustainable Agriculture</a></li></ul></div><div class="metadata-field field-permalink"><h2 class="label-above">Permalink</h2><a href="https://hdl.handle.net/10568/40299">https://hdl.handle.net/10568/40299</a></div><div class="field-altmetric-embed"><div class="altmetric-embed" data-badge-popover="right" data-badge-type="medium-donut" data-doi="https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.1746"></div></div> Thu, 19 Nov 2020 22:02:41 +0000 Anonymous 16900 at https://wle.cgiar.org https://wle.cgiar.org/optimum-groundwater-table-depth-and-irrigation-schedules-controlling-soil-salinity-central-iraq#comments Enhancing Human Resources Development in Iraq https://wle.cgiar.org/project/enhancing-human-resources-development-iraq <div class="field-body"><p>The Project consists of two types of training courses; Short-term training course which duration is one to two (1-2) week(s) and the maximum number of trainee is thirteen (13), Long-term training course which duration is three (3) weeks and the maximum number of trainee is thirteen (13). <br /><br /> Trainees will be invited exclusively from Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, Iraq, and other dry land countries either from Algeria, Lebanon, Morocco, Palestine, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey, Yemen.</p> </div><div class="field-contact-person"><h2 class="label-above">Contact Person</h2>Kleinermann, Charles &lt;c.kleinermann@cgiar.org&gt;</div><div class="field-lead-center"><h2 class="label-above">Lead Center</h2><article about="/content/international-center-agricultural-research-dry-areas-icarda" typeof="sioc:Item foaf:Document" class="ds-1col node node-partner node-teaser view-mode-teaser clearfix"> <figure><a href="/content/international-center-agricultural-research-dry-areas-icarda"><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://wle.cgiar.org/sites/default/files/styles/partners_logo/public/partner-logos/ICARDA%20Logo_update.png?itok=oF7WsTpf" width="331" height="100" alt="ICARDA update" /></a></figure><div class="content"><h3><a href="/content/international-center-agricultural-research-dry-areas-icarda">International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA)</a></h3></div></article> </div><div class="field-donors"><h2 class="label-above">Donors</h2><article about="/japan-international-cooperation-agency-jica" typeof="sioc:Item foaf:Document" class="ds-1col node node-donors node-teaser view-mode-teaser clearfix"> <div class="content"><h3><a href="/japan-international-cooperation-agency-jica">Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)</a></h3></div></article> </div><div class="field-partners"><h2 class="label-above">Partners</h2>ICARDA - International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas</div><div class="metadata-field field-date"><strong class="label-above">Completed</strong></div><div class="metadata-field field-date"><strong class="label-above">Start/End date</strong><time><span class="date-display-start" property="dc:date" datatype="xsd:dateTime" content="2017-01-01T04:15:00-08:00">January 01, 2017</span> — <span class="date-display-end" property="dc:date" datatype="xsd:dateTime" content="2017-12-31T04:15:00-08:00">December 31, 2017</span></time></div><div class="metadata-field field-research-theme"><strong class="label-above">Research Theme</strong><a href="/research/themes/land-and-water-solutions-sustainable-agriculture">Land and Water Solutions</a></div><div class="metadata-field field-cluster"><strong class="label-above">Cluster</strong><div class="textformatter-list"><a href="/cluster/22-unlocking-value-irrigation-systems">2.2 Unlocking Value in Irrigation Systems</a></div></div><div class="metadata-field field-project-region"><strong class="label-above">Regions</strong><div class="textformatter-list"><a href="/project-region/middle-east-and-north-africa">Middle East and North Africa</a>, <a href="/project-region/western-asia">Western Asia</a></div></div><div class="metadata-field field-countries"><strong class="label-above">Countries</strong><div class="textformatter-list"><a href="/country/egypt">Egypt</a>, <a href="/country/iraq">Iraq</a>, <a href="/country/jordan">Jordan</a>, <a href="/country/palestine">Palestine</a>, <a href="/country/south-sudan">South Sudan</a>, <a href="/country/sudan">Sudan</a></div></div> Wed, 08 Nov 2017 12:49:00 +0000 Amanda 12485 at https://wle.cgiar.org https://wle.cgiar.org/project/enhancing-human-resources-development-iraq#comments Middle East North Africa Water and Livelihoods Initiative (WLI)- Regional https://wle.cgiar.org/project/middle-east-north-africa-water-and-livelihoods-initiative-wli-regional <div class="field-body"><p>The ultimate goal of the WLI is to improve rural livelihoods in selected countries in the MENA region. This will be achieved through the implementation of a variety of bio-physical and socio-economic related activities geared towards the development of improved technologies and innovation packages to address critical development challenges; as well as to build local, national, and regional capacity to ensure sustainable adoption and utilization of proposed solutions. Effective implementation of activities will result in one or more of the following outputs which are aligned with USAID?s Feed the Future (FtF) Indicators: 1. Number of hectares under improved technologies or management practices 2. Number of farmers and others who have applied new technologies or management practices 3. Number of individuals who have received USG supported short-term agricultural sector productivity or food security training 4. Number of food security private enterprises (for profit), producers organizations, water users associations, women's groups, trade and business associations, and community-based organizations (CBOs) receiving USG assistance 5. Number of stakeholders implementing risk-reducing practices/actions to improve resilience to climate change as a result of USG assistance 6. Number of new technologies or management practices in one of 3 phases of development. The outputs identified above will in-turn contribute to: 1. Increased water, land, and crop (for human and animal consumption) 2. Enhanced awareness of sustainable water and land management practices 3. Increased rural income 4. Increased resilience and environmental sustainability. Achievements of the proposed outcomes will then result in attaining the WLI goal - Improved Rural Livelihoods.</p> </div><div class="field-contact-person"><h2 class="label-above">Contact Person</h2>Dessalegn, Bezaiet &lt;b.dessalegn@cgiar.org&gt;</div><div class="field-lead-center"><h2 class="label-above">Lead Center</h2><article about="/content/international-center-agricultural-research-dry-areas-icarda" typeof="sioc:Item foaf:Document" class="ds-1col node node-partner node-teaser view-mode-teaser clearfix"> <figure><a href="/content/international-center-agricultural-research-dry-areas-icarda"><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://wle.cgiar.org/sites/default/files/styles/partners_logo/public/partner-logos/ICARDA%20Logo_update.png?itok=oF7WsTpf" width="331" height="100" alt="ICARDA update" /></a></figure><div class="content"><h3><a href="/content/international-center-agricultural-research-dry-areas-icarda">International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA)</a></h3></div></article> </div><div class="field-partners"><h2 class="label-above">Partners</h2>ARC - Agricultural Research Corporation, AUB - American University of Beirut, AUC - American University in Cairo, ICARDA - International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, UF - University of Florida, UoJ - University of Jordan, USDA - U.S. Department of Agriculture</div><div class="metadata-field field-date"><strong class="label-above">Completed</strong></div><div class="metadata-field field-date"><strong class="label-above">Start/End date</strong><time><span class="date-display-start" property="dc:date" datatype="xsd:dateTime" content="2017-01-01T04:00:00-08:00">January 01, 2017</span> — <span class="date-display-end" property="dc:date" datatype="xsd:dateTime" content="2017-12-31T04:00:00-08:00">December 31, 2017</span></time></div><div class="metadata-field field-cluster"><strong class="label-above">Cluster</strong><div class="textformatter-list"><a href="/cluster/22-unlocking-value-irrigation-systems">2.2 Unlocking Value in Irrigation Systems</a></div></div><div class="metadata-field field-project-region"><strong class="label-above">Regions</strong><div class="textformatter-list"><a href="/project-region/middle-east-and-north-africa">Middle East and North Africa</a>, <a href="/project-region/western-asia">Western Asia</a></div></div><div class="metadata-field field-countries"><strong class="label-above">Countries</strong><div class="textformatter-list"><a href="/country/egypt">Egypt</a>, <a href="/country/iraq">Iraq</a>, <a href="/country/jordan">Jordan</a>, <a href="/country/palestine">Palestine</a>, <a href="/country/tunisia">Tunisia</a>, <a href="/country/yemen">Yemen</a></div></div> Wed, 08 Nov 2017 12:14:00 +0000 Amanda 12484 at https://wle.cgiar.org https://wle.cgiar.org/project/middle-east-north-africa-water-and-livelihoods-initiative-wli-regional#comments Supporting Coordination and Cooperation in Water Management in the Euphrates and Tigris Area (CPET)- Agricultural Water Productivity https://wle.cgiar.org/project/supporting-coordination-and-cooperation-water-management-euphrates-and-tigris-area-cpet <div class="field-body"><p>The Collaborative Programme Euphrates and Tigris (CPET) aims to increase the trust and knowledge base between Iran, Iraq, Syria and Turkey (Country Partners (CP) and to build a sufficient evidence base to enable investment prioritisation. A primary activity of the programme is joint fact finding, which is to be carried out by six specialist Task Forces. (1) Task Force H: Hydrology and Climate Change; (2) Task Force E: Hydropower; (3) Task Force W: Water Quality; (4) Task Force A: Agricultural Water Productivity; (5) Task Force M: Marshlands; and (6) Task Force S: Socioeconomics. As agriculture consumes the vast majority of the Euphrates and Tigris (E-T) basin water resources and it is well established that water is being used inefficiently this task force will develop feasible options for the basin countries to improve water use in agriculture and to enhance food security though regional and bilateral cooperation. ICARDA leads task force A on Agricucltural water productivity with key objective is to develop reasonable and equitable use for the basin countries to improve water use in agriculture and to enhance food security through regional and bilateral cooperation. This task force (A) aims to map water producvity of the basin to understand the variability of the crop water use and identify potetnail areas for improvement in agricultural water producctivity and cooperation in the basin.</p> </div><div class="field-contact-person"><h2 class="label-above">Contact Person</h2>Oweis, Theib &lt;t.oweis@cgiar.org&gt;</div><div class="field-lead-center"><h2 class="label-above">Lead Center</h2><article about="/content/international-center-agricultural-research-dry-areas-icarda" typeof="sioc:Item foaf:Document" class="ds-1col node node-partner node-teaser view-mode-teaser clearfix"> <figure><a href="/content/international-center-agricultural-research-dry-areas-icarda"><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://wle.cgiar.org/sites/default/files/styles/partners_logo/public/partner-logos/ICARDA%20Logo_update.png?itok=oF7WsTpf" width="331" height="100" alt="ICARDA update" /></a></figure><div class="content"><h3><a href="/content/international-center-agricultural-research-dry-areas-icarda">International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA)</a></h3></div></article> </div><div class="field-donors"><h2 class="label-above">Donors</h2><article about="/swedish-international-development-cooperation-agency-sida" typeof="sioc:Item foaf:Document" class="ds-1col node node-donors node-teaser view-mode-teaser clearfix"> <figure><a href="/swedish-international-development-cooperation-agency-sida"><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://wle.cgiar.org/sites/default/files/styles/partners_logo/public/partner-logos/Sida-LOGO.png?itok=Ps7EC_AT" width="250" height="100" alt="Sida" title="Sida" /></a></figure><div class="content"><h3><a href="/swedish-international-development-cooperation-agency-sida">Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida)</a></h3></div></article> </div><div class="field-partners"><h2 class="label-above">Partners</h2>ICARDA - International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas</div><div class="metadata-field field-date"><strong class="label-above">Completed</strong></div><div class="metadata-field field-date"><strong class="label-above">Start/End date</strong><time><span class="date-display-start" property="dc:date" datatype="xsd:dateTime" content="2017-01-01T04:00:00-08:00">January 01, 2017</span> — <span class="date-display-end" property="dc:date" datatype="xsd:dateTime" content="2018-08-31T04:00:00-07:00">August 31, 2018</span></time></div><div class="metadata-field field-research-theme"><strong class="label-above">Research Theme</strong><a href="/research/themes/land-and-water-solutions-sustainable-agriculture">Land and Water Solutions</a></div><div class="metadata-field field-cluster"><strong class="label-above">Cluster</strong><div class="textformatter-list"><a href="/cluster/21-alwm-solutions-resilient-smallholder-livelihood-and-landscape-systems">2.1 ALWM Solutions for Resilient Smallholder Livelihood and Landscape Systems</a></div></div><div class="metadata-field field-project-region"><strong class="label-above">Regions</strong><div class="textformatter-list"><a href="/project-region/middle-east-and-north-africa">Middle East and North Africa</a></div></div><div class="metadata-field field-countries"><strong class="label-above">Countries</strong><div class="textformatter-list"><a href="/country/iran">Iran</a>, <a href="/country/iraq">Iraq</a>, <a href="/country/turkey">Turkey</a></div></div> Wed, 08 Nov 2017 12:00:00 +0000 Amanda 12482 at https://wle.cgiar.org https://wle.cgiar.org/project/supporting-coordination-and-cooperation-water-management-euphrates-and-tigris-area-cpet#comments Optimum groundwater table depth and irrigation schedules for controlling soil salinity in Central Iraq https://wle.cgiar.org/cgspace/resource/10568-40299 <img typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://wle.cgiar.org/sites/default/files/default_teaser_s.png" width="300" height="110" alt="" /><div class="metadata-field field-author"><h2 class="label-above">Authors</h2><ul><li>Qureshi, Asad Sarwar</li><li>Ahmad, Waqas</li><li>Ahmad, A-F. A.</li></ul></div><div class="metadata-field field-pdf-url"><h2 class="label-above">Download</h2></div><div class="metadata-field field-status"><h2 class="label-above">Accessibility</h2>Limited Access</div><div class="metadata-field field-date-available"><h2 class="label-above">Date Available</h2><time><span class="date-display-single" property="dc:date" datatype="xsd:dateTime" content="2014-06-13T07:47:20-07:00">June 13, 2014</span></time></div><div class="metadata-field field-last-updated"><h2 class="label-above">Last Updated</h2><time><span class="date-display-single" property="dc:date" datatype="xsd:dateTime" content="2014-06-13T07:47:20-07:00">June 13, 2014</span></time></div><div class="field-abstract"><div class="field-content">Excessive irrigation and poor drainage conditions are the major factors contributing to rising groundwater tables and soil salinity in the irrigated areas of Central Iraq. Therefore calculations of precise irrigation requirements are necessary to optimize crop production and keep the groundwater table below the root zone to avoid soil salinization. In this study, the soil-water-atmosphere-plant (SWAP) model is used to determine optimal groundwater table depth and irrigation amounts for the study area. SWAP was calibrated using field data from the study area during the wheat and maize season of 2011-2012. The modelling results reveal that under current irrigation practices (600mm to wheat and 1000mm to maize), more than 30% water is lost as deep percolation. This causes a rise in the groundwater table and reduction in crop yields. The model simulations suggest that a groundwater table depth of 200 cm together with an irrigation application of 500mm to wheat and 600mm to maize will be the best combination to attain optimal yields. Therefore a drainage system in these areas should be installed to maintain groundwater table depth around 200 cm. Maintaining adeeper groundwater table will not be suitable as costs will increase and crop responses negligible. For long-term sustainability, rehabilitation of existing drainage systems to evacuate excessive salts from the root zone will be imperative.</div></div><div class="metadata-field field-permalink"><h2 class="label-above">Permalink</h2><a href="https://hdl.handle.net/10568/40299">https://hdl.handle.net/10568/40299</a></div><div class="field-citation metadata-field"><h2 class="label-above">Citation</h2><div class="field-content">Qureshi, Asad Sarwar; Ahmad, Waqas; Ahmad, A-F. A. 2013. Optimum groundwater table depth and irrigation schedules for controlling soil salinity in Central Iraq. Irrigation and Drainage, 62(4):414-424. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ird.1746</div></div><div class="metadata-field field-region"><strong class="label-above">Regions</strong><ul class="comma-list"><li>Middle East</li></ul></div><div class="metadata-field field-type"><strong class="label-above">Type</strong>Journal Article</div><div class="metadata-field field-language"><strong class="label-above">Language</strong>en</div> Wed, 08 Jul 2015 00:50:06 +0000 wle_admin 8133 at https://wle.cgiar.org